| 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779780781782783784785786787788789790791792793794795796797798799800801802803804805806807808809810811812813814815816817818819820821822823824825826827828829830831832833834835836837838839840841842843844845846847848849850851852853854855856857858859860861862863864865866867868869870871872873874875876877878879880881882883884885886887888889890891892893894895896897898899900901902903904905906907908909910911912913914915916917918919920921922923924925926927928929930931932933934935936937938939940941942943944945946947948949950951952953954955956957958959960961962963964965966967968969970971972973974975976977978979980981982983984985986987988989990991992993994995996997998999100010011002100310041005100610071008100910101011101210131014101510161017101810191020102110221023102410251026102710281029103010311032103310341035103610371038103910401041104210431044104510461047104810491050105110521053105410551056105710581059106010611062106310641065106610671068106910701071107210731074107510761077107810791080108110821083108410851086108710881089109010911092109310941095109610971098109911001101110211031104110511061107110811091110111111121113111411151116111711181119112011211122112311241125112611271128112911301131113211331134113511361137113811391140114111421143114411451146114711481149115011511152115311541155115611571158115911601161116211631164116511661167116811691170117111721173 | /* * FreeRTOS Kernel V10.4.3 * Copyright (C) 2020 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates.  All Rights Reserved. * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of * this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in * the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to * use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of * the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, * subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all * copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. * * https://www.FreeRTOS.org * https://github.com/FreeRTOS * */#ifndef SEMAPHORE_H#define SEMAPHORE_H#ifndef INC_FREERTOS_H    #error "include FreeRTOS.h" must appear in source files before "include semphr.h"#endif#include "queue.h"typedef QueueHandle_t SemaphoreHandle_t;#define semBINARY_SEMAPHORE_QUEUE_LENGTH    ( ( uint8_t ) 1U )#define semSEMAPHORE_QUEUE_ITEM_LENGTH      ( ( uint8_t ) 0U )#define semGIVE_BLOCK_TIME                  ( ( TickType_t ) 0U )/** * semphr. h * <pre> * vSemaphoreCreateBinary( SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore ); * </pre> * * In many usage scenarios it is faster and more memory efficient to use a * direct to task notification in place of a binary semaphore! * https://www.FreeRTOS.org/RTOS-task-notifications.html * * This old vSemaphoreCreateBinary() macro is now deprecated in favour of the * xSemaphoreCreateBinary() function.  Note that binary semaphores created using * the vSemaphoreCreateBinary() macro are created in a state such that the * first call to 'take' the semaphore would pass, whereas binary semaphores * created using xSemaphoreCreateBinary() are created in a state such that the * the semaphore must first be 'given' before it can be 'taken'. * * <i>Macro</i> that implements a semaphore by using the existing queue mechanism. * The queue length is 1 as this is a binary semaphore.  The data size is 0 * as we don't want to actually store any data - we just want to know if the * queue is empty or full. * * This type of semaphore can be used for pure synchronisation between tasks or * between an interrupt and a task.  The semaphore need not be given back once * obtained, so one task/interrupt can continuously 'give' the semaphore while * another continuously 'takes' the semaphore.  For this reason this type of * semaphore does not use a priority inheritance mechanism.  For an alternative * that does use priority inheritance see xSemaphoreCreateMutex(). * * @param xSemaphore Handle to the created semaphore.  Should be of type SemaphoreHandle_t. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore = NULL; * * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // Semaphore cannot be used before a call to vSemaphoreCreateBinary (). *  // This is a macro so pass the variable in directly. *  vSemaphoreCreateBinary( xSemaphore ); * *  if( xSemaphore != NULL ) *  { *      // The semaphore was created successfully. *      // The semaphore can now be used. *  } * } * </pre> * \defgroup vSemaphoreCreateBinary vSemaphoreCreateBinary * \ingroup Semaphores */#if ( configSUPPORT_DYNAMIC_ALLOCATION == 1 )    #define vSemaphoreCreateBinary( xSemaphore )                                                                                     \    {                                                                                                                                \        ( xSemaphore ) = xQueueGenericCreate( ( UBaseType_t ) 1, semSEMAPHORE_QUEUE_ITEM_LENGTH, queueQUEUE_TYPE_BINARY_SEMAPHORE ); \        if( ( xSemaphore ) != NULL )                                                                                                 \        {                                                                                                                            \            ( void ) xSemaphoreGive( ( xSemaphore ) );                                                                               \        }                                                                                                                            \    }#endif/** * semphr. h * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphoreCreateBinary( void ); * </pre> * * Creates a new binary semaphore instance, and returns a handle by which the * new semaphore can be referenced. * * In many usage scenarios it is faster and more memory efficient to use a * direct to task notification in place of a binary semaphore! * https://www.FreeRTOS.org/RTOS-task-notifications.html * * Internally, within the FreeRTOS implementation, binary semaphores use a block * of memory, in which the semaphore structure is stored.  If a binary semaphore * is created using xSemaphoreCreateBinary() then the required memory is * automatically dynamically allocated inside the xSemaphoreCreateBinary() * function.  (see https://www.FreeRTOS.org/a00111.html).  If a binary semaphore * is created using xSemaphoreCreateBinaryStatic() then the application writer * must provide the memory.  xSemaphoreCreateBinaryStatic() therefore allows a * binary semaphore to be created without using any dynamic memory allocation. * * The old vSemaphoreCreateBinary() macro is now deprecated in favour of this * xSemaphoreCreateBinary() function.  Note that binary semaphores created using * the vSemaphoreCreateBinary() macro are created in a state such that the * first call to 'take' the semaphore would pass, whereas binary semaphores * created using xSemaphoreCreateBinary() are created in a state such that the * the semaphore must first be 'given' before it can be 'taken'. * * This type of semaphore can be used for pure synchronisation between tasks or * between an interrupt and a task.  The semaphore need not be given back once * obtained, so one task/interrupt can continuously 'give' the semaphore while * another continuously 'takes' the semaphore.  For this reason this type of * semaphore does not use a priority inheritance mechanism.  For an alternative * that does use priority inheritance see xSemaphoreCreateMutex(). * * @return Handle to the created semaphore, or NULL if the memory required to * hold the semaphore's data structures could not be allocated. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore = NULL; * * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // Semaphore cannot be used before a call to xSemaphoreCreateBinary(). *  // This is a macro so pass the variable in directly. *  xSemaphore = xSemaphoreCreateBinary(); * *  if( xSemaphore != NULL ) *  { *      // The semaphore was created successfully. *      // The semaphore can now be used. *  } * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreCreateBinary xSemaphoreCreateBinary * \ingroup Semaphores */#if ( configSUPPORT_DYNAMIC_ALLOCATION == 1 )    #define xSemaphoreCreateBinary()    xQueueGenericCreate( ( UBaseType_t ) 1, semSEMAPHORE_QUEUE_ITEM_LENGTH, queueQUEUE_TYPE_BINARY_SEMAPHORE )#endif/** * semphr. h * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphoreCreateBinaryStatic( StaticSemaphore_t *pxSemaphoreBuffer ); * </pre> * * Creates a new binary semaphore instance, and returns a handle by which the * new semaphore can be referenced. * * NOTE: In many usage scenarios it is faster and more memory efficient to use a * direct to task notification in place of a binary semaphore! * https://www.FreeRTOS.org/RTOS-task-notifications.html * * Internally, within the FreeRTOS implementation, binary semaphores use a block * of memory, in which the semaphore structure is stored.  If a binary semaphore * is created using xSemaphoreCreateBinary() then the required memory is * automatically dynamically allocated inside the xSemaphoreCreateBinary() * function.  (see https://www.FreeRTOS.org/a00111.html).  If a binary semaphore * is created using xSemaphoreCreateBinaryStatic() then the application writer * must provide the memory.  xSemaphoreCreateBinaryStatic() therefore allows a * binary semaphore to be created without using any dynamic memory allocation. * * This type of semaphore can be used for pure synchronisation between tasks or * between an interrupt and a task.  The semaphore need not be given back once * obtained, so one task/interrupt can continuously 'give' the semaphore while * another continuously 'takes' the semaphore.  For this reason this type of * semaphore does not use a priority inheritance mechanism.  For an alternative * that does use priority inheritance see xSemaphoreCreateMutex(). * * @param pxSemaphoreBuffer Must point to a variable of type StaticSemaphore_t, * which will then be used to hold the semaphore's data structure, removing the * need for the memory to be allocated dynamically. * * @return If the semaphore is created then a handle to the created semaphore is * returned.  If pxSemaphoreBuffer is NULL then NULL is returned. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore = NULL; * StaticSemaphore_t xSemaphoreBuffer; * * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // Semaphore cannot be used before a call to xSemaphoreCreateBinary(). *  // The semaphore's data structures will be placed in the xSemaphoreBuffer *  // variable, the address of which is passed into the function.  The *  // function's parameter is not NULL, so the function will not attempt any *  // dynamic memory allocation, and therefore the function will not return *  // return NULL. *  xSemaphore = xSemaphoreCreateBinary( &xSemaphoreBuffer ); * *  // Rest of task code goes here. * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreCreateBinaryStatic xSemaphoreCreateBinaryStatic * \ingroup Semaphores */#if ( configSUPPORT_STATIC_ALLOCATION == 1 )    #define xSemaphoreCreateBinaryStatic( pxStaticSemaphore )    xQueueGenericCreateStatic( ( UBaseType_t ) 1, semSEMAPHORE_QUEUE_ITEM_LENGTH, NULL, pxStaticSemaphore, queueQUEUE_TYPE_BINARY_SEMAPHORE )#endif /* configSUPPORT_STATIC_ALLOCATION *//** * semphr. h * <pre> * xSemaphoreTake( *                   SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore, *                   TickType_t xBlockTime *               ); * </pre> * * <i>Macro</i> to obtain a semaphore.  The semaphore must have previously been * created with a call to xSemaphoreCreateBinary(), xSemaphoreCreateMutex() or * xSemaphoreCreateCounting(). * * @param xSemaphore A handle to the semaphore being taken - obtained when * the semaphore was created. * * @param xBlockTime The time in ticks to wait for the semaphore to become * available.  The macro portTICK_PERIOD_MS can be used to convert this to a * real time.  A block time of zero can be used to poll the semaphore.  A block * time of portMAX_DELAY can be used to block indefinitely (provided * INCLUDE_vTaskSuspend is set to 1 in FreeRTOSConfig.h). * * @return pdTRUE if the semaphore was obtained.  pdFALSE * if xBlockTime expired without the semaphore becoming available. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore = NULL; * * // A task that creates a semaphore. * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // Create the semaphore to guard a shared resource. *  xSemaphore = xSemaphoreCreateBinary(); * } * * // A task that uses the semaphore. * void vAnotherTask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // ... Do other things. * *  if( xSemaphore != NULL ) *  { *      // See if we can obtain the semaphore.  If the semaphore is not available *      // wait 10 ticks to see if it becomes free. *      if( xSemaphoreTake( xSemaphore, ( TickType_t ) 10 ) == pdTRUE ) *      { *          // We were able to obtain the semaphore and can now access the *          // shared resource. * *          // ... * *          // We have finished accessing the shared resource.  Release the *          // semaphore. *          xSemaphoreGive( xSemaphore ); *      } *      else *      { *          // We could not obtain the semaphore and can therefore not access *          // the shared resource safely. *      } *  } * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreTake xSemaphoreTake * \ingroup Semaphores */#define xSemaphoreTake( xSemaphore, xBlockTime )    xQueueSemaphoreTake( ( xSemaphore ), ( xBlockTime ) )/** * semphr. h * <pre> * xSemaphoreTakeRecursive( *                          SemaphoreHandle_t xMutex, *                          TickType_t xBlockTime *                        ); * </pre> * * <i>Macro</i> to recursively obtain, or 'take', a mutex type semaphore. * The mutex must have previously been created using a call to * xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex(); * * configUSE_RECURSIVE_MUTEXES must be set to 1 in FreeRTOSConfig.h for this * macro to be available. * * This macro must not be used on mutexes created using xSemaphoreCreateMutex(). * * A mutex used recursively can be 'taken' repeatedly by the owner. The mutex * doesn't become available again until the owner has called * xSemaphoreGiveRecursive() for each successful 'take' request.  For example, * if a task successfully 'takes' the same mutex 5 times then the mutex will * not be available to any other task until it has also  'given' the mutex back * exactly five times. * * @param xMutex A handle to the mutex being obtained.  This is the * handle returned by xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex(); * * @param xBlockTime The time in ticks to wait for the semaphore to become * available.  The macro portTICK_PERIOD_MS can be used to convert this to a * real time.  A block time of zero can be used to poll the semaphore.  If * the task already owns the semaphore then xSemaphoreTakeRecursive() will * return immediately no matter what the value of xBlockTime. * * @return pdTRUE if the semaphore was obtained.  pdFALSE if xBlockTime * expired without the semaphore becoming available. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xMutex = NULL; * * // A task that creates a mutex. * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // Create the mutex to guard a shared resource. *  xMutex = xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex(); * } * * // A task that uses the mutex. * void vAnotherTask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // ... Do other things. * *  if( xMutex != NULL ) *  { *      // See if we can obtain the mutex.  If the mutex is not available *      // wait 10 ticks to see if it becomes free. *      if( xSemaphoreTakeRecursive( xSemaphore, ( TickType_t ) 10 ) == pdTRUE ) *      { *          // We were able to obtain the mutex and can now access the *          // shared resource. * *          // ... *          // For some reason due to the nature of the code further calls to *          // xSemaphoreTakeRecursive() are made on the same mutex.  In real *          // code these would not be just sequential calls as this would make *          // no sense.  Instead the calls are likely to be buried inside *          // a more complex call structure. *          xSemaphoreTakeRecursive( xMutex, ( TickType_t ) 10 ); *          xSemaphoreTakeRecursive( xMutex, ( TickType_t ) 10 ); * *          // The mutex has now been 'taken' three times, so will not be *          // available to another task until it has also been given back *          // three times.  Again it is unlikely that real code would have *          // these calls sequentially, but instead buried in a more complex *          // call structure.  This is just for illustrative purposes. *          xSemaphoreGiveRecursive( xMutex ); *          xSemaphoreGiveRecursive( xMutex ); *          xSemaphoreGiveRecursive( xMutex ); * *          // Now the mutex can be taken by other tasks. *      } *      else *      { *          // We could not obtain the mutex and can therefore not access *          // the shared resource safely. *      } *  } * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreTakeRecursive xSemaphoreTakeRecursive * \ingroup Semaphores */#if ( configUSE_RECURSIVE_MUTEXES == 1 )    #define xSemaphoreTakeRecursive( xMutex, xBlockTime )    xQueueTakeMutexRecursive( ( xMutex ), ( xBlockTime ) )#endif/** * semphr. h * <pre> * xSemaphoreGive( SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore ); * </pre> * * <i>Macro</i> to release a semaphore.  The semaphore must have previously been * created with a call to xSemaphoreCreateBinary(), xSemaphoreCreateMutex() or * xSemaphoreCreateCounting(). and obtained using sSemaphoreTake(). * * This macro must not be used from an ISR.  See xSemaphoreGiveFromISR () for * an alternative which can be used from an ISR. * * This macro must also not be used on semaphores created using * xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex(). * * @param xSemaphore A handle to the semaphore being released.  This is the * handle returned when the semaphore was created. * * @return pdTRUE if the semaphore was released.  pdFALSE if an error occurred. * Semaphores are implemented using queues.  An error can occur if there is * no space on the queue to post a message - indicating that the * semaphore was not first obtained correctly. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore = NULL; * * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // Create the semaphore to guard a shared resource. *  xSemaphore = vSemaphoreCreateBinary(); * *  if( xSemaphore != NULL ) *  { *      if( xSemaphoreGive( xSemaphore ) != pdTRUE ) *      { *          // We would expect this call to fail because we cannot give *          // a semaphore without first "taking" it! *      } * *      // Obtain the semaphore - don't block if the semaphore is not *      // immediately available. *      if( xSemaphoreTake( xSemaphore, ( TickType_t ) 0 ) ) *      { *          // We now have the semaphore and can access the shared resource. * *          // ... * *          // We have finished accessing the shared resource so can free the *          // semaphore. *          if( xSemaphoreGive( xSemaphore ) != pdTRUE ) *          { *              // We would not expect this call to fail because we must have *              // obtained the semaphore to get here. *          } *      } *  } * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreGive xSemaphoreGive * \ingroup Semaphores */#define xSemaphoreGive( xSemaphore )    xQueueGenericSend( ( QueueHandle_t ) ( xSemaphore ), NULL, semGIVE_BLOCK_TIME, queueSEND_TO_BACK )/** * semphr. h * <pre> * xSemaphoreGiveRecursive( SemaphoreHandle_t xMutex ); * </pre> * * <i>Macro</i> to recursively release, or 'give', a mutex type semaphore. * The mutex must have previously been created using a call to * xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex(); * * configUSE_RECURSIVE_MUTEXES must be set to 1 in FreeRTOSConfig.h for this * macro to be available. * * This macro must not be used on mutexes created using xSemaphoreCreateMutex(). * * A mutex used recursively can be 'taken' repeatedly by the owner. The mutex * doesn't become available again until the owner has called * xSemaphoreGiveRecursive() for each successful 'take' request.  For example, * if a task successfully 'takes' the same mutex 5 times then the mutex will * not be available to any other task until it has also  'given' the mutex back * exactly five times. * * @param xMutex A handle to the mutex being released, or 'given'.  This is the * handle returned by xSemaphoreCreateMutex(); * * @return pdTRUE if the semaphore was given. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xMutex = NULL; * * // A task that creates a mutex. * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // Create the mutex to guard a shared resource. *  xMutex = xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex(); * } * * // A task that uses the mutex. * void vAnotherTask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // ... Do other things. * *  if( xMutex != NULL ) *  { *      // See if we can obtain the mutex.  If the mutex is not available *      // wait 10 ticks to see if it becomes free. *      if( xSemaphoreTakeRecursive( xMutex, ( TickType_t ) 10 ) == pdTRUE ) *      { *          // We were able to obtain the mutex and can now access the *          // shared resource. * *          // ... *          // For some reason due to the nature of the code further calls to *          // xSemaphoreTakeRecursive() are made on the same mutex.  In real *          // code these would not be just sequential calls as this would make *          // no sense.  Instead the calls are likely to be buried inside *          // a more complex call structure. *          xSemaphoreTakeRecursive( xMutex, ( TickType_t ) 10 ); *          xSemaphoreTakeRecursive( xMutex, ( TickType_t ) 10 ); * *          // The mutex has now been 'taken' three times, so will not be *          // available to another task until it has also been given back *          // three times.  Again it is unlikely that real code would have *          // these calls sequentially, it would be more likely that the calls *          // to xSemaphoreGiveRecursive() would be called as a call stack *          // unwound.  This is just for demonstrative purposes. *          xSemaphoreGiveRecursive( xMutex ); *          xSemaphoreGiveRecursive( xMutex ); *          xSemaphoreGiveRecursive( xMutex ); * *          // Now the mutex can be taken by other tasks. *      } *      else *      { *          // We could not obtain the mutex and can therefore not access *          // the shared resource safely. *      } *  } * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreGiveRecursive xSemaphoreGiveRecursive * \ingroup Semaphores */#if ( configUSE_RECURSIVE_MUTEXES == 1 )    #define xSemaphoreGiveRecursive( xMutex )    xQueueGiveMutexRecursive( ( xMutex ) )#endif/** * semphr. h * <pre> * xSemaphoreGiveFromISR( *                        SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore, *                        BaseType_t *pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken *                    ); * </pre> * * <i>Macro</i> to  release a semaphore.  The semaphore must have previously been * created with a call to xSemaphoreCreateBinary() or xSemaphoreCreateCounting(). * * Mutex type semaphores (those created using a call to xSemaphoreCreateMutex()) * must not be used with this macro. * * This macro can be used from an ISR. * * @param xSemaphore A handle to the semaphore being released.  This is the * handle returned when the semaphore was created. * * @param pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken xSemaphoreGiveFromISR() will set * *pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken to pdTRUE if giving the semaphore caused a task * to unblock, and the unblocked task has a priority higher than the currently * running task.  If xSemaphoreGiveFromISR() sets this value to pdTRUE then * a context switch should be requested before the interrupt is exited. * * @return pdTRUE if the semaphore was successfully given, otherwise errQUEUE_FULL. * * Example usage: * <pre> \#define LONG_TIME 0xffff \#define TICKS_TO_WAIT 10 * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore = NULL; * * // Repetitive task. * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  for( ;; ) *  { *      // We want this task to run every 10 ticks of a timer.  The semaphore *      // was created before this task was started. * *      // Block waiting for the semaphore to become available. *      if( xSemaphoreTake( xSemaphore, LONG_TIME ) == pdTRUE ) *      { *          // It is time to execute. * *          // ... * *          // We have finished our task.  Return to the top of the loop where *          // we will block on the semaphore until it is time to execute *          // again.  Note when using the semaphore for synchronisation with an *          // ISR in this manner there is no need to 'give' the semaphore back. *      } *  } * } * * // Timer ISR * void vTimerISR( void * pvParameters ) * { * static uint8_t ucLocalTickCount = 0; * static BaseType_t xHigherPriorityTaskWoken; * *  // A timer tick has occurred. * *  // ... Do other time functions. * *  // Is it time for vATask () to run? *  xHigherPriorityTaskWoken = pdFALSE; *  ucLocalTickCount++; *  if( ucLocalTickCount >= TICKS_TO_WAIT ) *  { *      // Unblock the task by releasing the semaphore. *      xSemaphoreGiveFromISR( xSemaphore, &xHigherPriorityTaskWoken ); * *      // Reset the count so we release the semaphore again in 10 ticks time. *      ucLocalTickCount = 0; *  } * *  if( xHigherPriorityTaskWoken != pdFALSE ) *  { *      // We can force a context switch here.  Context switching from an *      // ISR uses port specific syntax.  Check the demo task for your port *      // to find the syntax required. *  } * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreGiveFromISR xSemaphoreGiveFromISR * \ingroup Semaphores */#define xSemaphoreGiveFromISR( xSemaphore, pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken )    xQueueGiveFromISR( ( QueueHandle_t ) ( xSemaphore ), ( pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken ) )/** * semphr. h * <pre> * xSemaphoreTakeFromISR( *                        SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore, *                        BaseType_t *pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken *                    ); * </pre> * * <i>Macro</i> to  take a semaphore from an ISR.  The semaphore must have * previously been created with a call to xSemaphoreCreateBinary() or * xSemaphoreCreateCounting(). * * Mutex type semaphores (those created using a call to xSemaphoreCreateMutex()) * must not be used with this macro. * * This macro can be used from an ISR, however taking a semaphore from an ISR * is not a common operation.  It is likely to only be useful when taking a * counting semaphore when an interrupt is obtaining an object from a resource * pool (when the semaphore count indicates the number of resources available). * * @param xSemaphore A handle to the semaphore being taken.  This is the * handle returned when the semaphore was created. * * @param pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken xSemaphoreTakeFromISR() will set * *pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken to pdTRUE if taking the semaphore caused a task * to unblock, and the unblocked task has a priority higher than the currently * running task.  If xSemaphoreTakeFromISR() sets this value to pdTRUE then * a context switch should be requested before the interrupt is exited. * * @return pdTRUE if the semaphore was successfully taken, otherwise * pdFALSE */#define xSemaphoreTakeFromISR( xSemaphore, pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken )    xQueueReceiveFromISR( ( QueueHandle_t ) ( xSemaphore ), NULL, ( pxHigherPriorityTaskWoken ) )/** * semphr. h * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphoreCreateMutex( void ); * </pre> * * Creates a new mutex type semaphore instance, and returns a handle by which * the new mutex can be referenced. * * Internally, within the FreeRTOS implementation, mutex semaphores use a block * of memory, in which the mutex structure is stored.  If a mutex is created * using xSemaphoreCreateMutex() then the required memory is automatically * dynamically allocated inside the xSemaphoreCreateMutex() function.  (see * https://www.FreeRTOS.org/a00111.html).  If a mutex is created using * xSemaphoreCreateMutexStatic() then the application writer must provided the * memory.  xSemaphoreCreateMutexStatic() therefore allows a mutex to be created * without using any dynamic memory allocation. * * Mutexes created using this function can be accessed using the xSemaphoreTake() * and xSemaphoreGive() macros.  The xSemaphoreTakeRecursive() and * xSemaphoreGiveRecursive() macros must not be used. * * This type of semaphore uses a priority inheritance mechanism so a task * 'taking' a semaphore MUST ALWAYS 'give' the semaphore back once the * semaphore it is no longer required. * * Mutex type semaphores cannot be used from within interrupt service routines. * * See xSemaphoreCreateBinary() for an alternative implementation that can be * used for pure synchronisation (where one task or interrupt always 'gives' the * semaphore and another always 'takes' the semaphore) and from within interrupt * service routines. * * @return If the mutex was successfully created then a handle to the created * semaphore is returned.  If there was not enough heap to allocate the mutex * data structures then NULL is returned. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore; * * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // Semaphore cannot be used before a call to xSemaphoreCreateMutex(). *  // This is a macro so pass the variable in directly. *  xSemaphore = xSemaphoreCreateMutex(); * *  if( xSemaphore != NULL ) *  { *      // The semaphore was created successfully. *      // The semaphore can now be used. *  } * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreCreateMutex xSemaphoreCreateMutex * \ingroup Semaphores */#if ( configSUPPORT_DYNAMIC_ALLOCATION == 1 )    #define xSemaphoreCreateMutex()    xQueueCreateMutex( queueQUEUE_TYPE_MUTEX )#endif/** * semphr. h * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphoreCreateMutexStatic( StaticSemaphore_t *pxMutexBuffer ); * </pre> * * Creates a new mutex type semaphore instance, and returns a handle by which * the new mutex can be referenced. * * Internally, within the FreeRTOS implementation, mutex semaphores use a block * of memory, in which the mutex structure is stored.  If a mutex is created * using xSemaphoreCreateMutex() then the required memory is automatically * dynamically allocated inside the xSemaphoreCreateMutex() function.  (see * https://www.FreeRTOS.org/a00111.html).  If a mutex is created using * xSemaphoreCreateMutexStatic() then the application writer must provided the * memory.  xSemaphoreCreateMutexStatic() therefore allows a mutex to be created * without using any dynamic memory allocation. * * Mutexes created using this function can be accessed using the xSemaphoreTake() * and xSemaphoreGive() macros.  The xSemaphoreTakeRecursive() and * xSemaphoreGiveRecursive() macros must not be used. * * This type of semaphore uses a priority inheritance mechanism so a task * 'taking' a semaphore MUST ALWAYS 'give' the semaphore back once the * semaphore it is no longer required. * * Mutex type semaphores cannot be used from within interrupt service routines. * * See xSemaphoreCreateBinary() for an alternative implementation that can be * used for pure synchronisation (where one task or interrupt always 'gives' the * semaphore and another always 'takes' the semaphore) and from within interrupt * service routines. * * @param pxMutexBuffer Must point to a variable of type StaticSemaphore_t, * which will be used to hold the mutex's data structure, removing the need for * the memory to be allocated dynamically. * * @return If the mutex was successfully created then a handle to the created * mutex is returned.  If pxMutexBuffer was NULL then NULL is returned. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore; * StaticSemaphore_t xMutexBuffer; * * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // A mutex cannot be used before it has been created.  xMutexBuffer is *  // into xSemaphoreCreateMutexStatic() so no dynamic memory allocation is *  // attempted. *  xSemaphore = xSemaphoreCreateMutexStatic( &xMutexBuffer ); * *  // As no dynamic memory allocation was performed, xSemaphore cannot be NULL, *  // so there is no need to check it. * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreCreateMutexStatic xSemaphoreCreateMutexStatic * \ingroup Semaphores */#if ( configSUPPORT_STATIC_ALLOCATION == 1 )    #define xSemaphoreCreateMutexStatic( pxMutexBuffer )    xQueueCreateMutexStatic( queueQUEUE_TYPE_MUTEX, ( pxMutexBuffer ) )#endif /* configSUPPORT_STATIC_ALLOCATION *//** * semphr. h * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex( void ); * </pre> * * Creates a new recursive mutex type semaphore instance, and returns a handle * by which the new recursive mutex can be referenced. * * Internally, within the FreeRTOS implementation, recursive mutexs use a block * of memory, in which the mutex structure is stored.  If a recursive mutex is * created using xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex() then the required memory is * automatically dynamically allocated inside the * xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex() function.  (see * https://www.FreeRTOS.org/a00111.html).  If a recursive mutex is created using * xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutexStatic() then the application writer must * provide the memory that will get used by the mutex. * xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutexStatic() therefore allows a recursive mutex to * be created without using any dynamic memory allocation. * * Mutexes created using this macro can be accessed using the * xSemaphoreTakeRecursive() and xSemaphoreGiveRecursive() macros.  The * xSemaphoreTake() and xSemaphoreGive() macros must not be used. * * A mutex used recursively can be 'taken' repeatedly by the owner. The mutex * doesn't become available again until the owner has called * xSemaphoreGiveRecursive() for each successful 'take' request.  For example, * if a task successfully 'takes' the same mutex 5 times then the mutex will * not be available to any other task until it has also  'given' the mutex back * exactly five times. * * This type of semaphore uses a priority inheritance mechanism so a task * 'taking' a semaphore MUST ALWAYS 'give' the semaphore back once the * semaphore it is no longer required. * * Mutex type semaphores cannot be used from within interrupt service routines. * * See xSemaphoreCreateBinary() for an alternative implementation that can be * used for pure synchronisation (where one task or interrupt always 'gives' the * semaphore and another always 'takes' the semaphore) and from within interrupt * service routines. * * @return xSemaphore Handle to the created mutex semaphore.  Should be of type * SemaphoreHandle_t. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore; * * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // Semaphore cannot be used before a call to xSemaphoreCreateMutex(). *  // This is a macro so pass the variable in directly. *  xSemaphore = xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex(); * *  if( xSemaphore != NULL ) *  { *      // The semaphore was created successfully. *      // The semaphore can now be used. *  } * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex * \ingroup Semaphores */#if ( ( configSUPPORT_DYNAMIC_ALLOCATION == 1 ) && ( configUSE_RECURSIVE_MUTEXES == 1 ) )    #define xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex()    xQueueCreateMutex( queueQUEUE_TYPE_RECURSIVE_MUTEX )#endif/** * semphr. h * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutexStatic( StaticSemaphore_t *pxMutexBuffer ); * </pre> * * Creates a new recursive mutex type semaphore instance, and returns a handle * by which the new recursive mutex can be referenced. * * Internally, within the FreeRTOS implementation, recursive mutexs use a block * of memory, in which the mutex structure is stored.  If a recursive mutex is * created using xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex() then the required memory is * automatically dynamically allocated inside the * xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex() function.  (see * https://www.FreeRTOS.org/a00111.html).  If a recursive mutex is created using * xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutexStatic() then the application writer must * provide the memory that will get used by the mutex. * xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutexStatic() therefore allows a recursive mutex to * be created without using any dynamic memory allocation. * * Mutexes created using this macro can be accessed using the * xSemaphoreTakeRecursive() and xSemaphoreGiveRecursive() macros.  The * xSemaphoreTake() and xSemaphoreGive() macros must not be used. * * A mutex used recursively can be 'taken' repeatedly by the owner. The mutex * doesn't become available again until the owner has called * xSemaphoreGiveRecursive() for each successful 'take' request.  For example, * if a task successfully 'takes' the same mutex 5 times then the mutex will * not be available to any other task until it has also  'given' the mutex back * exactly five times. * * This type of semaphore uses a priority inheritance mechanism so a task * 'taking' a semaphore MUST ALWAYS 'give' the semaphore back once the * semaphore it is no longer required. * * Mutex type semaphores cannot be used from within interrupt service routines. * * See xSemaphoreCreateBinary() for an alternative implementation that can be * used for pure synchronisation (where one task or interrupt always 'gives' the * semaphore and another always 'takes' the semaphore) and from within interrupt * service routines. * * @param pxMutexBuffer Must point to a variable of type StaticSemaphore_t, * which will then be used to hold the recursive mutex's data structure, * removing the need for the memory to be allocated dynamically. * * @return If the recursive mutex was successfully created then a handle to the * created recursive mutex is returned.  If pxMutexBuffer was NULL then NULL is * returned. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore; * StaticSemaphore_t xMutexBuffer; * * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { *  // A recursive semaphore cannot be used before it is created.  Here a *  // recursive mutex is created using xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutexStatic(). *  // The address of xMutexBuffer is passed into the function, and will hold *  // the mutexes data structures - so no dynamic memory allocation will be *  // attempted. *  xSemaphore = xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutexStatic( &xMutexBuffer ); * *  // As no dynamic memory allocation was performed, xSemaphore cannot be NULL, *  // so there is no need to check it. * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutexStatic xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutexStatic * \ingroup Semaphores */#if ( ( configSUPPORT_STATIC_ALLOCATION == 1 ) && ( configUSE_RECURSIVE_MUTEXES == 1 ) )    #define xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutexStatic( pxStaticSemaphore )    xQueueCreateMutexStatic( queueQUEUE_TYPE_RECURSIVE_MUTEX, pxStaticSemaphore )#endif /* configSUPPORT_STATIC_ALLOCATION *//** * semphr. h * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphoreCreateCounting( UBaseType_t uxMaxCount, UBaseType_t uxInitialCount ); * </pre> * * Creates a new counting semaphore instance, and returns a handle by which the * new counting semaphore can be referenced. * * In many usage scenarios it is faster and more memory efficient to use a * direct to task notification in place of a counting semaphore! * https://www.FreeRTOS.org/RTOS-task-notifications.html * * Internally, within the FreeRTOS implementation, counting semaphores use a * block of memory, in which the counting semaphore structure is stored.  If a * counting semaphore is created using xSemaphoreCreateCounting() then the * required memory is automatically dynamically allocated inside the * xSemaphoreCreateCounting() function.  (see * https://www.FreeRTOS.org/a00111.html).  If a counting semaphore is created * using xSemaphoreCreateCountingStatic() then the application writer can * instead optionally provide the memory that will get used by the counting * semaphore.  xSemaphoreCreateCountingStatic() therefore allows a counting * semaphore to be created without using any dynamic memory allocation. * * Counting semaphores are typically used for two things: * * 1) Counting events. * *    In this usage scenario an event handler will 'give' a semaphore each time *    an event occurs (incrementing the semaphore count value), and a handler *    task will 'take' a semaphore each time it processes an event *    (decrementing the semaphore count value).  The count value is therefore *    the difference between the number of events that have occurred and the *    number that have been processed.  In this case it is desirable for the *    initial count value to be zero. * * 2) Resource management. * *    In this usage scenario the count value indicates the number of resources *    available.  To obtain control of a resource a task must first obtain a *    semaphore - decrementing the semaphore count value.  When the count value *    reaches zero there are no free resources.  When a task finishes with the *    resource it 'gives' the semaphore back - incrementing the semaphore count *    value.  In this case it is desirable for the initial count value to be *    equal to the maximum count value, indicating that all resources are free. * * @param uxMaxCount The maximum count value that can be reached.  When the *        semaphore reaches this value it can no longer be 'given'. * * @param uxInitialCount The count value assigned to the semaphore when it is *        created. * * @return Handle to the created semaphore.  Null if the semaphore could not be *         created. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore; * * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore = NULL; * *  // Semaphore cannot be used before a call to xSemaphoreCreateCounting(). *  // The max value to which the semaphore can count should be 10, and the *  // initial value assigned to the count should be 0. *  xSemaphore = xSemaphoreCreateCounting( 10, 0 ); * *  if( xSemaphore != NULL ) *  { *      // The semaphore was created successfully. *      // The semaphore can now be used. *  } * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreCreateCounting xSemaphoreCreateCounting * \ingroup Semaphores */#if ( configSUPPORT_DYNAMIC_ALLOCATION == 1 )    #define xSemaphoreCreateCounting( uxMaxCount, uxInitialCount )    xQueueCreateCountingSemaphore( ( uxMaxCount ), ( uxInitialCount ) )#endif/** * semphr. h * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphoreCreateCountingStatic( UBaseType_t uxMaxCount, UBaseType_t uxInitialCount, StaticSemaphore_t *pxSemaphoreBuffer ); * </pre> * * Creates a new counting semaphore instance, and returns a handle by which the * new counting semaphore can be referenced. * * In many usage scenarios it is faster and more memory efficient to use a * direct to task notification in place of a counting semaphore! * https://www.FreeRTOS.org/RTOS-task-notifications.html * * Internally, within the FreeRTOS implementation, counting semaphores use a * block of memory, in which the counting semaphore structure is stored.  If a * counting semaphore is created using xSemaphoreCreateCounting() then the * required memory is automatically dynamically allocated inside the * xSemaphoreCreateCounting() function.  (see * https://www.FreeRTOS.org/a00111.html).  If a counting semaphore is created * using xSemaphoreCreateCountingStatic() then the application writer must * provide the memory.  xSemaphoreCreateCountingStatic() therefore allows a * counting semaphore to be created without using any dynamic memory allocation. * * Counting semaphores are typically used for two things: * * 1) Counting events. * *    In this usage scenario an event handler will 'give' a semaphore each time *    an event occurs (incrementing the semaphore count value), and a handler *    task will 'take' a semaphore each time it processes an event *    (decrementing the semaphore count value).  The count value is therefore *    the difference between the number of events that have occurred and the *    number that have been processed.  In this case it is desirable for the *    initial count value to be zero. * * 2) Resource management. * *    In this usage scenario the count value indicates the number of resources *    available.  To obtain control of a resource a task must first obtain a *    semaphore - decrementing the semaphore count value.  When the count value *    reaches zero there are no free resources.  When a task finishes with the *    resource it 'gives' the semaphore back - incrementing the semaphore count *    value.  In this case it is desirable for the initial count value to be *    equal to the maximum count value, indicating that all resources are free. * * @param uxMaxCount The maximum count value that can be reached.  When the *        semaphore reaches this value it can no longer be 'given'. * * @param uxInitialCount The count value assigned to the semaphore when it is *        created. * * @param pxSemaphoreBuffer Must point to a variable of type StaticSemaphore_t, * which will then be used to hold the semaphore's data structure, removing the * need for the memory to be allocated dynamically. * * @return If the counting semaphore was successfully created then a handle to * the created counting semaphore is returned.  If pxSemaphoreBuffer was NULL * then NULL is returned. * * Example usage: * <pre> * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore; * StaticSemaphore_t xSemaphoreBuffer; * * void vATask( void * pvParameters ) * { * SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore = NULL; * *  // Counting semaphore cannot be used before they have been created.  Create *  // a counting semaphore using xSemaphoreCreateCountingStatic().  The max *  // value to which the semaphore can count is 10, and the initial value *  // assigned to the count will be 0.  The address of xSemaphoreBuffer is *  // passed in and will be used to hold the semaphore structure, so no dynamic *  // memory allocation will be used. *  xSemaphore = xSemaphoreCreateCounting( 10, 0, &xSemaphoreBuffer ); * *  // No memory allocation was attempted so xSemaphore cannot be NULL, so there *  // is no need to check its value. * } * </pre> * \defgroup xSemaphoreCreateCountingStatic xSemaphoreCreateCountingStatic * \ingroup Semaphores */#if ( configSUPPORT_STATIC_ALLOCATION == 1 )    #define xSemaphoreCreateCountingStatic( uxMaxCount, uxInitialCount, pxSemaphoreBuffer )    xQueueCreateCountingSemaphoreStatic( ( uxMaxCount ), ( uxInitialCount ), ( pxSemaphoreBuffer ) )#endif /* configSUPPORT_STATIC_ALLOCATION *//** * semphr. h * <pre> * void vSemaphoreDelete( SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore ); * </pre> * * Delete a semaphore.  This function must be used with care.  For example, * do not delete a mutex type semaphore if the mutex is held by a task. * * @param xSemaphore A handle to the semaphore to be deleted. * * \defgroup vSemaphoreDelete vSemaphoreDelete * \ingroup Semaphores */#define vSemaphoreDelete( xSemaphore )                   vQueueDelete( ( QueueHandle_t ) ( xSemaphore ) )/** * semphr.h * <pre> * TaskHandle_t xSemaphoreGetMutexHolder( SemaphoreHandle_t xMutex ); * </pre> * * If xMutex is indeed a mutex type semaphore, return the current mutex holder. * If xMutex is not a mutex type semaphore, or the mutex is available (not held * by a task), return NULL. * * Note: This is a good way of determining if the calling task is the mutex * holder, but not a good way of determining the identity of the mutex holder as * the holder may change between the function exiting and the returned value * being tested. */#define xSemaphoreGetMutexHolder( xSemaphore )           xQueueGetMutexHolder( ( xSemaphore ) )/** * semphr.h * <pre> * TaskHandle_t xSemaphoreGetMutexHolderFromISR( SemaphoreHandle_t xMutex ); * </pre> * * If xMutex is indeed a mutex type semaphore, return the current mutex holder. * If xMutex is not a mutex type semaphore, or the mutex is available (not held * by a task), return NULL. * */#define xSemaphoreGetMutexHolderFromISR( xSemaphore )    xQueueGetMutexHolderFromISR( ( xSemaphore ) )/** * semphr.h * <pre> * UBaseType_t uxSemaphoreGetCount( SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore ); * </pre> * * If the semaphore is a counting semaphore then uxSemaphoreGetCount() returns * its current count value.  If the semaphore is a binary semaphore then * uxSemaphoreGetCount() returns 1 if the semaphore is available, and 0 if the * semaphore is not available. * */#define uxSemaphoreGetCount( xSemaphore )                uxQueueMessagesWaiting( ( QueueHandle_t ) ( xSemaphore ) )#endif /* SEMAPHORE_H */
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